Climate change is the biggest problem of our time. It means long-term change in temperature and weather. The Earth is getting hotter day by day due to pollution and smoke from factories and cars. This is called Global Warming.

Pakistan and Azad Kashmir are surrounded by big mountains and glaciers. When temperature rises, these glaciers melt quickly. At the same time, Monsoon rains have become heavier than before.

Reasons of Floods:

1. Melting Glaciers: In Neelum, Leepa, and Gilgit-Baltistan, glaciers are melting fast. This makes Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOF) which are very dangerous.

2. Deforestation: People cut trees for wood and houses. Trees stop flood water. Without trees, rain water comes directly with full speed to our villages and cities.

3. Heavy Monsoon and Cloudburst: In 2022 and 2025, Pakistan saw record rains. Mirpur, Kotli, and Muzaffarabad also faced heavy rain and landslides. Cloudburst happens suddenly and washes everything.

Effects of Floods:

Floods are very destructive. They destroy houses, schools, roads, and bridges in seconds. Crops of farmers are washed away, which causes food shortage and price hike in markets. Dirty flood water spreads diseases like cholera, malaria and dengue. Many poor people become homeless and lose everything.

What Can We Do? - Solution:

We cannot stop rain, but we can reduce damage.

- Plant More Trees: This is Sunnah and also best defense against floods. One tree can save a whole family.

- Stop Pollution: Use less plastic, use public transport, save electricity and water.

- Good Planning: Government should build strong dams and check-dams. People should not build houses near rivers and nallas.

- Awareness: We should teach children in schools about climate change and cleanliness.

Conclusion:

Pakistan contributes less than 1% to world pollution but is in top 10 countries affected by climate change. This is unfair, but we have to save ourselves. If we plant trees, keep our rivers clean, and work together, we can protect our beautiful Kashmir and Pakistan from floods. Saving nature is saving our own future.